研究生知识库

本文以西南喀斯特地区的王家寨小流域为研究对象，基于多源信息，依托遥感（RS）和地理信息系统（GIS）技术获取2005年该区石漠化景观分布格局信息，以此为基础进行石漠化景观分布指数（RLDI）、石漠化综合指数（RCI）、-s平面分析模型以及三次曲线拟合等分析，旨在从小流域尺度上探讨石漠化景观在坡度、坡向、高程和与村庄距离等空间因子上的分布规律。

结果表明：无石漠化和轻度石漠化景观的RLDI曲线在坡度梯度上波动最显著（即其受坡度影响最大）；其他石漠化景观在坡向梯度上变化最明显。坡度上27º是RCI由增至减的临界点；各坡向中南、南东坡RCI值最高，北、北东、东坡次之；高程越高RCI越高；距村庄越远RCI越高。初步判断各空间因子对RCI的影响由强至弱依次为：坡度、坡向、高程以及与村庄的距离。

基于景观生态学理论，在对土地利用类型和地形（坡度、坡向）因子综合优先级评价的基础上，以治理石漠化、维护喀斯特景观生态安全和土地资源的可持续利用为目标，建立满足景观优化需要的生态恢复耗费表面模型，通过景观功能分区和生态廊道的构建，以及运用生态工程和植被进展演替相结合的具体措施，对小流域尺度上土地利用空间格局的优化和高效的生态恢复模式进行实践性探索。

Based on the image of SPOT5 in 2005, with the support of the geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) software, the impact of spatial factors on karst rocky desertification landscape was studied in Wangjiazhai catchments. Quasi-quantitative analysis was made on the relationships between the above four factors with karst rocky desertification landscape distribution index (RLDI) and karst rocky desertification comprehensive index (RCI), respectively. Results indicate that：the no and slight rocky desertification landscapes are affected by slope aspect more greatly than that on other spatial factors; while the moderate, strong and extremely strong rocky desertification landscapes are highly correlated with the slope gradient. 27º is a critical angle for rocky desertification intensity which becomes severer firstly, and then becomes slighter around the turning point. As to the effects of slope aspect, the severest rocky desertification occurs in regions of south or southeast slope aspect; and less for north, northeast and east cases, while it is slight in other cases. Moreover, with the increase of elevation, the intensity of rocky desertification is in a deteriorative trend. The regulation of rocky desertification along the distance to the village reveals the mode of human being activities on rocky desertification process. The fittings between RCI values and four factors are obviously different in the descending order: slope> slope aspects>elevation> the distance to the village. The order, in a sense, shows the intensities of those spatial factors on RCI values.

Aiming at management of rocky desertification，maintenance karst ecological security patterns and sustainable use of regional land resources，under the guide of landscape ecology theory, this paper constructs an accessibility surface of ecological restoration model. Then this article discusses the optimization of land use spatial pattern and the mode of ecological restoration on catchments scale by distinguishing the functional regions, combining with building ecological corridors that can make up of ecological network on the accessibility surface. In order to implement this model, author suggests concrete measures which include ecological engineering and vegetation progressive succession.