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Fluid inclusions and ore precipitation mechanism in the giant Xikuangshan mesothermal antimony deposit, South China: Conventional and infrared microthermometric constraints
Hu A'xiang;Peng Jiantang
2018
发表期刊Ore Geology Reviews
卷号95页码:49-64
摘要

The giant Xikuangshan antimony deposit, located in the Xiangzhong (central Hunan) Basin, South China, is the largest antimony deposit in the world. Stibnite is the predominant ore mineral, and gangue minerals consist of quartz, calcite, fluorite and barite. The ore mineral assemblages include early-stage quartz-stibnite, fluorite-quartz-stibnite and barite-quartz-stibnite, and late-stage calcite-stibnite. In spite of numerous research works on the Xikuangshan deposit during the past several decades, the signatures of the ore-forming fluids and the ore precipitation mechanisms are poorly constrained. In order to characterize the fluids responsible for antimony mineralization and ascertain the genetic processes in the Xikuangshan ore district, conventional and infrared microthermometric measurements have been performed in this study on fluid inclusions hosted in transparent minerals (quartz, fluorite and barite) and opaque stibnite, respectively. Four types of fluid inclusions were identified for the early-stage mineralization based on their phase assemblages, including type I (pure liquid inclusions), type II (two-phase, liquid-rich aqueous inclusions), type III (two-phase, vapor-rich aqueous inclusions) and type IV (pure vapor inclusions). Stibnite only contains type I and type II inclusions, while all types of fluid inclusions are common in the gangue minerals. The homogenization temperatures and salinities of fluid inclusions in stibnite and associated gangue minerals in this ore district display significant differences. Fluid inclusions in stibnite exhibit relatively low homogenization temperatures (112-323 degrees C) and higher salinities (0.2-15.4 wt% NaCl equiv.) than inclusions in coexisting gangue minerals (119-366 degrees C, 0.2-4.2 wt% NaCl equiv.), usually about 50 degrees C less than the "intergrown" gangue minerals. According to the petrography of fluid inclusions and the relationship between their homogenization temperature and salinity, it was concluded that stibnite and gangue minerals in the Xikuangshan ore district are not co-genetic, instead, they were deposited from two distinctly different hydrothermal solutions. Fluid mixing was responsible for stibnite precipitation, but the precipitation of gangue minerals resulted from fluid boiling due to an abrupt drop in pressure. The Xikuangshan deposit is a typical example of mesothermal deposits, rather than an epithermal deposit as previously considered.

关键词Fluid Inclusions infrared Microthermometry precipitation Mechanism stibnite xikuangshan
收录类别SCI
语种英语
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://ir.gyig.ac.cn/handle/42920512-1/8780
专题矿床地球化学国家重点实验室
作者单位1.School of Geosciences and Info-physics & Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Non-ferrous Metals, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083 Hunan, China
2.State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002 Guizhou, China
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Hu A'xiang;Peng Jiantang. Fluid inclusions and ore precipitation mechanism in the giant Xikuangshan mesothermal antimony deposit, South China: Conventional and infrared microthermometric constraints[J]. Ore Geology Reviews,2018,95:49-64.
APA Hu A'xiang;Peng Jiantang.(2018).Fluid inclusions and ore precipitation mechanism in the giant Xikuangshan mesothermal antimony deposit, South China: Conventional and infrared microthermometric constraints.Ore Geology Reviews,95,49-64.
MLA Hu A'xiang;Peng Jiantang."Fluid inclusions and ore precipitation mechanism in the giant Xikuangshan mesothermal antimony deposit, South China: Conventional and infrared microthermometric constraints".Ore Geology Reviews 95(2018):49-64.
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